Quantum random pulse generator

ABSTRACT

Provided is a quantum random pulse generator having enhanced security using a phenomenon in which a radioactive isotope naturally collapses. The quantum random pulse generator includes a photodiode detection unit which has a photodiode disposed at the center of the photodiode detection unit on a top surface, a radioactive isotope emission unit which emits alpha particles discharged when an atomic nucleus naturally collapses toward a photodiode, and a plate which is disposed on a top surface of the radioactive isotope emission unit and supports the radioactive isotope emission unit. The alpha particles discharged by the emission unit come into contact with the photodiode to generate a random pulse.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a quantum random pulse generator and, more particularly, to a quantum random pulse generator for a device which generates a natural random number using a phenomenon in which a radioactive isotope naturally collapses or uses a random pulse as a trigger signal or an interrupt signal.

BACKGROUND ART

The Internet of Things (IoT), that is, a system in which things in life are connected over wired and wireless networks and information is exchanged, is generalized. The IoT is a thing space connection network over which intelligent relations, such as sensing, networking and information processing, are cooperatively formed without the explicit intervention of the human being with respect to three distributed environmental elements, such as the human being, things and services.

As the IoT is generalized, a security threat also increases. For IoT security, security not having disconnection for the entire section from an IoT device to a system is required. In particular, the IoT is exposed to a greater security threat because devices having various functions and protocols have to communicate with each other and thus an open type standard technology needs to be used.

Meanwhile, a software-based random number generation technology has a problem in that a random number generation pattern can be checked using an advanced hacking technology in addition to lots of resources.

Accordingly, a natural random number or a true random number extracted from the randomness of a natural phenomenon for security between IoT devices is requested. This has an advantage in that a specific pattern is not present and cannot be predicted, but has a problem in that it is difficult to apply to a small-sized device because the size is very large, such a method is very expensive and an extraction apparatus is required.

Related prior arts include Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-2015-0011284 “Immobilizer apparatus using random pulse generation and authentication method thereof” and Korean Patent No. 10-1244853 “Integration authentication method for user using random pulse generation.”

DISCLOSURE Technical Problem

An object of the present invention is to provide a quantum random pulse generator for producing a small natural random number generator having enhanced security using a phenomenon in which a radioactive isotope naturally collapses.

Technical Solution

A quantum random pulse generator according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a photodiode detection unit which has a photodiode disposed at the center of the photodiode detection unit on a top surface, a radioactive isotope emission unit which emits alpha particles discharged when an atomic nucleus naturally collapses toward a photodiode, and a plate which is disposed on a top surface of the radioactive isotope emission unit and supports the radioactive isotope emission unit. The alpha particles discharged by the emission unit come into contact with the photodiode to generate a random pulse.

Advantageous Effects

In accordance with the present invention, security between devices can be enhanced by generating a natural random number using a phenomenon in which a radioactive isotope naturally collapses or applying a random signal to a desired device.

In accordance with the present invention, the natural random number generator using the quantum random pulse generator provides an encryption key used in an encryption module and an authentication number. Accordingly, security and authentication can be enhanced and convenience can be improved because disadvantages of a pseudo random number are overcome.

In accordance with the present invention, the security and lightweightness of an IoT device can be improved because the size of the quantum random pulse generator can be implemented in a smaller and thinner thin film form.

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a diagram for illustrating a quantum random pulse generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for illustrating a quantum random pulse generator according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing the random number generation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for illustrating a quantum random pulse generator according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for illustrating a method for fabricating the quantum random pulse generator according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.

MODE FOR INVENTION

A specific structural or functional description of embodiments according to the concept of the present invention this specification has been merely illustrated for the purpose of describing the embodiments according to the concept of the present invention, and the embodiments according to the concept of the present invention may be implemented in various forms and are not limited to embodiments described in this specification.

The embodiments according to the concept of the present invention may be changed in various ways and may have various forms, and thus the embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in this specification. However, this is not intended to limit the embodiments according to the concept of the present invention to specific disclosed forms and includes all of changes, equivalents or substitutes included in the spirit and technical scope of the present invention.

The terms used in this application are used to only describe specific embodiments and are not intended to restrict the present invention. An expression of the singular number includes an expression of the plural number unless clearly defined otherwise in the context. In this specification, terms, such as “include” or “have”, are intended to designate that characteristics, numbers, steps, operations, elements, or parts which are described in the specification, or a combination of them exist, and should not be understood that they exclude the existence or possible addition of one or more other characteristics, numbers, steps, operations, elements, parts, or combinations of them in advance.

Hereinafter, the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the drawings attached to this specification.

FIG. 1 is a diagram for illustrating a quantum random pulse generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the quantum random pulse generator 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a photodiode detection unit 110, a photodiode 120, a radioactive isotope emission unit 130 and a plate 140.

The photodiode 120 may be disposed at the central part of the photodiode detection unit 110 on a top surface of the photodiode detection unit 110. The photodiode detection unit 110 may be formed on a substrate. The type of substrate is not specially limited and may be a silicon, zinc oxide or nitride semiconductor substrate, for example.

The photodiode 120 may collide against alpha particles emitted by the radioactive isotope emission unit 130. The photodiode detection unit 110 may detect an event from the photodiode 120 and generate a random pulse. The random pulse may generate in accordance with the emission time of the alpha particles.

The radioactive isotope emission unit 130 may emit the alpha particles discharged when an atomic nucleus naturally collapses. The alpha particles may be Am²⁴¹ that naturally collapses, but is not limited thereto. For example, the alpha particles may be at least one of Pb²¹⁰ isotope that is a uranium emission, Cm²⁴⁴ and Po²¹⁰.

The radioactive isotope emission unit 130 may be disposed to face the photodiode 120 at a specific interval. The horizontal width W1 of the photodiode 120 and the horizontal width W2 of the radioactive isotope emission unit 130 may be the same, but is not limited thereto. The horizontal width W1 of the photodiode 120 may be 0.1 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less, and the horizontal width W2 of the radioactive isotope emission unit 130 may be 0.1 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less.

The plate 140 may be disposed on a top surface of the radioactive isotope emission unit 130 to support the radioactive isotope emission unit 130. An interval h1 between the photodiode detection unit 110 and the plate 140 may be 0.1 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less, but is not limited thereto.

The quantum random pulse generator 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention can be implemented in a smaller and thinner thin film form compared to a conventional quantum random pulse generator, thereby being capable of improving the security and lightweightness of an IoT device.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for illustrating a quantum random pulse generator according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, the quantum random pulse generator 100 a according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a photodiode detection unit 110 a, a photodiode 120 a, a radioactive isotope output unit 130 a and a plate 140 a.

The photodiode 120 a may be disposed on a top surface of the photodiode detection unit 110 a. The photodiode detection unit 110 a may support the photodiode 120 a. The photodiode detection unit 110 a may be formed on a substrate. The type of substrate is not specially limited and may be a silicon, zinc oxide or nitride semiconductor substrate, for example.

The photodiode 120 a may collide against alpha particles emitted by the radioactive isotope emission unit 130 a. The photodiode detection unit 110 a may detect an event from the photodiode 120 a and generate a random pulse. The random pulse may be generated in accordance with the emission time of the alpha particles.

The radioactive isotope emission unit 130 a may emit the alpha particles discharged when an atomic nucleus naturally collapses. The alpha particles may be Am²⁴¹ that naturally collapses, but is not limited thereto. For example, the alpha particles may be at least one of Pb²¹⁰ isotope that is a uranium emission, Cm²⁴⁴ and Po²¹⁰.

The radioactive isotope emission unit 130 a may be disposed to face the photodiode 120 a at a specific interval. The horizontal width W4 of the radioactive isotope emission unit 130 a may be smaller than the horizontal width W3 of the photodiode 120 a. For example, the horizontal width W1 of the photodiode 120 a may be 0.1 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less, and the horizontal width W2 of the radioactive isotope emission unit 130 a may be more than 0.05 mm and less than 0.1 mm. An interval h2 between the photodiode detection unit 110 a and the plate 140 a may be 0.1 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less, but is not limited thereto.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing the random number generation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, the random number generation apparatus 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the quantum random pulse generator 100 and a CPU 200.

The quantum random pulse generator 100 includes the photodiode PD which receives alpha particles from the radioactive isotope emission unit 130, resistors R1 and R2, capacitors C1 and C2 and an amplifier. The quantum random pulse generator 100 may send a generated random pulse to the CPU 200.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for illustrating a quantum random pulse generator according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, the quantum random pulse generator 100 b according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a photodiode detection unit 110 b, a photodiode 120 b, a radioactive isotope emission unit 130 b of a form including a liquefied radioactive isotope, and a plate 140 b.

The photodiode detection unit 110 b may have the photodiode 120 b disposed on its top and may support the photodiode 120 b. The photodiode detection unit 110 b may be formed on a substrate. The type of substrate is not specially limited and may be a silicon, zinc oxide or nitride semiconductor substrate, for example.

The photodiode 120 b may be disposed to directly come into contact with the radioactive isotope emission unit 130 b. The photodiode 120 b may come into contact with alpha particles emitted by the radioactive isotope emission unit 130 b. The photodiode detection unit 110 b may detect an event from the photodiode 120 b and generate a random pulse. The random pulse may be generated in accordance with the emission time of the alpha particles.

The radioactive isotope emission unit 130 b may emit the alpha particles discharged when an atomic nucleus naturally collapses. The radioactive isotope emission unit 130 b may be a liquefied form. The alpha particles may be Am²⁴¹ that naturally collapses, but is not limited thereto. For example, the alpha particles may be at least one of Pb²¹⁰ isotope that is a uranium emission, Cm²⁴⁴ and Po²¹⁰.

The radioactive isotope emission unit 130 b may be disposed on the photodiode 120 b. The horizontal width W5 of the photodiode 120 b and the radioactive isotope emission unit 130 b may be the same, but is not limited thereto. The horizontal width W5 of the photodiode 120 b and the radioactive isotope emission unit 130 b may be 0.1 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less.

The plate 140 b may be disposed to surround the photodiode 120 b and the radioactive isotope emission unit 130 b. That is, the plate 140 b may be disposed on the substrate, the photodiode detection unit 110 b, the photodiode 120 b and the radioactive isotope emission unit 130 b to seal the radioactive isotope emission unit 130 b. Accordingly, radiation leaks to the outside of a chip can be prevented.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for illustrating a method for fabricating the quantum random pulse generator according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to (a) of FIG. 5, in the quantum random pulse generator 100 b, the photodiode detection unit 110 b may be disposed within the substrate, and the plate 140 b may be disposed on the substrate and the photodiode detection unit 110 b. After the central part of the plate 140 b experiences an etch process, the photodiode 120 b may be disposed at the central part of the photodiode detection unit 110 b on top thereof. Thereafter, the radioactive isotope emission unit 130 b including a liquefied radioactive isotope may be disposed on the photodiode 120 b. In this case, the radioactive isotope emission unit 130 b may be a liquefied form, and alpha particles may be Am²⁴¹ that naturally collapses, but is not limited thereto.

Referring to (b) of FIG. 5, in the quantum random pulse generator 100 b, after the radioactive isotope emission unit 130 b is disposed, the plate 140 b may be deposited to cover the radioactive isotope emission unit 130 b including a liquefied radioactive isotope. That is, the plate 140 b may be disposed on the substrate, the photodiode detection unit 110 b, the photodiode 120 b and the radioactive isotope emission unit 130 b to seal the radioactive isotope emission unit 130 b. Accordingly, radiation leaks to the outside of a chip can be prevented.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, they are only illustrative. A person having ordinary skill in the art will understand that the present invention may be modified in various ways and that other equivalent embodiments of the present invention are possible. Accordingly, the true range of protection of the present invention should be determined by the following claims. 

1. A quantum random pulse generator, comprising: a photodiode detection unit which has a photodiode disposed at a center of the photodiode detection unit on a top surface; a radioactive isotope emission unit which emits alpha particles discharged when an atomic nucleus naturally collapses toward a photodiode; and a plate which is disposed on a top surface of the radioactive isotope emission unit and supports the radioactive isotope emission unit, wherein when the alpha particles emitted by the radioactive isotope emission unit come into contact with the photodiode, the photodiode detection unit detects an event from the photodiode and generates a random pulse, the random pulse is generated in accordance with an emission time of the alpha particles, a horizontal width of the radioactive isotope emission unit is smaller than a horizontal width of the photodiode, and an interval between the photodiode detection unit and the plate is 0.1 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less.
 2. The quantum random pulse generator of claim 1, wherein: the horizontal width of the radioactive isotope emission unit is more than 0.05 mm and 0.1 mm or lower, and a horizontal width of the photodiode is 0.1 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less.
 3. The quantum random pulse generator of claim 1, wherein the radioactive isotope emission unit comprises an Am²⁴¹ radioactive isotope.
 4. A quantum random pulse generator, comprising: a substrate; a photodiode detection unit which is disposed over the substrate and has a photodiode has a photodiode disposed at a center of the photodiode detection unit on a top surface; a radioactive isotope emission unit disposed over the photodiode; and a plate which is disposed over the substrate, the photodiode detection unit, the photodiode and the radioactive isotope emission unit in such a way as to cover the substrate, the photodiode detection unit, the photodiode and the radioactive isotope emission unit and seals the radioactive isotope emission unit, wherein the radioactive isotope emission unit is a liquefied form.
 5. The quantum random pulse generator of claim 4, wherein the radioactive isotope emission unit comprises an Am²⁴¹ radioactive isotope. 